The Evolution of Pharma Machinery: Advancements in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Equipment

Title: The Evolution of Pharma Machinery: Advancements in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Equipment

In the realm of pharmaceutical manufacturing, the evolution of machinery has played a pivotal role in improving efficiency, accuracy, and safety in the production of medications. Two key pieces of equipment that have significantly contributed to this evolution are the table press machine and the capsule filling machine.

The table press machine, such as the Tablet Press Machine (TDP) and Tablet Hardness Testing Machine (THDP), is a crucial component in the production of pharmaceutical tablets. TDP is a common type of table press machine that is used to compress powder formulations into tablets of uniform size and shape. These machines have evolved over the years to include features such as adjustable compression force, automated operation, and real-time monitoring of tablet quality. The development of TDP machines with higher production capacities has enabled pharmaceutical companies to meet the increasing demand for tablets efficiently.

On the other hand, capsule filling machines have revolutionized the production of pharmaceutical capsules. These machines automate the process of filling empty capsules with powdered or granulated medication, significantly increasing production speed and accuracy. Advancements in capsule filling technology, such as the introduction of automatic capsule filling machines with multiple filling stations and integrated quality control systems, have streamlined the manufacturing process and reduced the risk of errors.

The evolution of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment, including table press machines and capsule filling machines, has not only enhanced production efficiency but also improved the quality and safety of medications. The integration of advanced technology in these machines has enabled pharmaceutical companies to comply with stringent quality standards and regulatory requirements. Additionally, the automation of these processes has minimized the risk of contamination and human error, leading to more consistent and reliable drug products.

In conclusion, the evolution of pharma machinery, particularly in the form of table press machines like TDP and THDP, as well as capsule filling machines, has driven significant advancements in pharmaceutical manufacturing. These machines have become indispensable tools in the production of high-quality medications, enabling pharmaceutical companies to meet the growing demands of the healthcare industry effectively. The continuous innovation and improvement of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment will undoubtedly shape the future of drug production, ensuring the safety and efficacy of medications for years to come.

“Revolutionizing Pharmaceutical Production: The Role of Pharmaceutical Machinery”

Title: Revolutionizing Pharmaceutical Production: The Role of Pharmaceutical Machinery

In the dynamic world of pharmaceutical manufacturing, the use of advanced machinery has become indispensable in enhancing efficiency, precision, and quality. Among the key players in this technological revolution are the table press machine, capsule filling machine, TDP, and THDP.

Tablet press machines, also known as tablet presses, play a crucial role in the production of pharmaceutical tablets. These machines compress powdered ingredients into tablets of precise shapes and sizes. With the advancement in technology, modern table press machines are equipped with features such as automatic feeding systems, enhanced speed control, and real-time monitoring capabilities. This not only ensures consistent tablet quality but also increases production efficiency.

Capsule filling machines are another essential component in pharmaceutical manufacturing. These machines are designed to fill empty capsules with the desired pharmaceutical formulations accurately. The automated process not only reduces the risk of human error but also increases the production capacity significantly. Capsule filling machines come in various types, including manual, semi-automatic, and fully automatic, catering to the diverse needs of pharmaceutical companies.

TDP (Tablet Direct Pressing) and THDP (Tablet Hardening Direct Pressing) are two innovative technologies that have transformed the tablet manufacturing process. TDP technology allows the direct compression of powders into tablets without the need for intermediate steps, such as granulation. This not only streamlines the manufacturing process but also reduces production costs. On the other hand, THDP technology involves the direct compression of tablets followed by a hardening process, resulting in tablets with improved durability and stability.

The integration of these advanced pharmaceutical machinery technologies has revolutionized the way pharmaceutical products are manufactured. The precise control, efficiency, and high throughput offered by table press machines, capsule filling machines, TDP, and THDP have significantly enhanced the quality and productivity of pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Pharmaceutical companies that leverage these technologies gain a competitive edge by delivering high-quality products to meet the growing demands of the market.

In conclusion, the role of pharmaceutical machinery, including table press machines, capsule filling machines, TDP, and THDP, in revolutionizing pharmaceutical production cannot be overstated. These advanced technologies have not only improved the efficiency and precision of pharmaceutical manufacturing but have also raised the quality standards of pharmaceutical products. As the pharmaceutical industry continues to evolve, embracing innovative machinery will be crucial for companies to stay ahead in this competitive landscape.

Title: “Revolutionizing Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: The Role of Pharmaceutical Machinery in the 21st Century”

In the fast-evolving landscape of pharmaceutical manufacturing, the importance of advanced pharmaceutical machinery cannot be overstated. Delving into the realm of table press machines, capsule filling machines, as well as the latest technological advancements such as TDP and THDP, it becomes evident how these innovations are revolutionizing the way medications are produced in the 21st century.

Table press machines play a pivotal role in the process of pharmaceutical manufacturing. These machines are designed to compress powdered ingredients into solid tablets of precise shapes and sizes. By exerting controlled pressure and utilizing intricate tooling systems, table press machines ensure uniformity in the weight and composition of each tablet, thereby guaranteeing the effectiveness and consistency of the final product. The advent of automated table press machines has further streamlined the manufacturing process, significantly reducing the margin of error and increasing production efficiency.

On the other hand, capsule filling machines have emerged as indispensable tools in pharmaceutical production facilities. These machines are engineered to accurately fill empty capsules with the appropriate dosage of powdered or liquid medication. With customizable settings to accommodate different types and sizes of capsules, modern capsule filling machines can handle a wide range of pharmaceutical formulations with precision and speed. By automating the filling process, these machines enhance productivity while minimizing wastage of raw materials, making them essential assets in the pharmaceutical industry.

In recent years, the introduction of Tablet Deduster Machine (TDP) and Tablet Hardness Tester Machine (THDP) has further revolutionized pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. TDPs are utilized to remove excess dust and debris from freshly pressed tablets, ensuring a clean and polished finish. By eliminating particles that may compromise the quality and aesthetics of the tablets, TDPs contribute to the overall quality control measures in pharmaceutical production. Conversely, THDPs are instrumental in testing the hardness and durability of tablets, providing crucial data on their physical integrity and dissolution properties. This enables manufacturers to assess the tablet’s integrity and make necessary adjustments to optimize its performance.

As pharmaceutical companies continue to prioritize efficiency, precision, and quality in drug manufacturing, the role of advanced pharmaceutical machinery, including table press machines, capsule filling machines, TDPs, and THDPs, will only become more pronounced. By embracing these cutting-edge technologies, manufacturers can elevate their production standards, meet regulatory requirements, and ultimately deliver safe and effective medications to patients worldwide. The synergy between innovative machinery and pharmaceutical expertise is shaping the future of drug manufacturing, promising a new era of advancements in the field.

Title: “Revolutionizing the Pharmaceutical Industry with Advanced Pharmaceutical Machinery” Article Content: In the ever-evolving landscape of the pharmaceutical industry, the role of advanced pharmaceutical machinery cannot be overstated. These sophisticated machines play a crucial role in the production process, from drug development to packaging, ensuring efficiency, accuracy, and compliance with stringent regulatory standards. **Introduction:** The pharmaceutical industry is at the forefront of global healthcare, constantly striving to develop new and innovative drugs to combat diseases and improve patient outcomes. Central to this endeavor is the utilization of cutting-edge pharmaceutical machinery that streamlines the manufacturing process and enhances product quality. **Evolution of Pharmaceutical Machinery:** Over the years, pharmaceutical machinery has undergone significant advancements, from traditional manual processes to state-of-the-art automated systems. This evolution has revolutionized the industry, allowing for increased production capacity, reduced human error, and improved overall product quality. **Key Functions of Pharmaceutical Machinery:** Pharmaceutical machinery encompasses a wide range of equipment, each serving a specific purpose in the drug manufacturing process. From milling and mixing machines for initial drug formulation to tablet presses and capsule filling machines for final product packaging, these devices perform critical functions to ensure the efficacy and safety of pharmaceutical products. **Benefits of Advanced Pharmaceutical Machinery:** The adoption of advanced pharmaceutical machinery offers numerous benefits to pharmaceutical companies. Increased efficiency and productivity, reduced production costs, improved product consistency, and enhanced safety and regulatory compliance are just a few of the advantages that these machines bring to the table. **Challenges and Future Trends:** While advanced pharmaceutical machinery has significantly improved the industry’s capabilities, challenges such as equipment maintenance, staff training, and regulatory changes remain prevalent. Looking ahead, the integration of artificial intelligence, robotics, and smart technologies into pharmaceutical machinery is poised to further revolutionize drug manufacturing processes. **Conclusion:** In conclusion, the role of advanced pharmaceutical machinery in the pharmaceutical industry cannot be understated. These cutting-edge machines are instrumental in driving innovation, improving production efficiency, and ensuring the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products. As technology continues to advance, the future of pharmaceutical machinery holds endless possibilities for revolutionizing drug manufacturing and ultimately benefiting patients worldwide.

Title: “Revolutionizing the Pharmaceutical Industry with Advanced Pharmaceutical Machinery”

In the rapidly evolving landscape of the pharmaceutical industry, the utilization of advanced pharmaceutical machinery has become indispensable in driving innovation, enhancing efficiency, and ensuring the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products. From the initial stages of drug formulation to the final packaging process, cutting-edge equipment such as tablet press machines and capsule filling machines play a pivotal role in streamlining production and adhering to stringent regulatory standards.

The evolution of pharmaceutical machinery has led to the development of sophisticated technologies that revolutionize drug manufacturing processes. One of the key components of modern pharmaceutical machinery is the tablet press machine, which is essential for compressing powdered ingredients into precise tablets with consistent dosages. These machines, including the popular TDP and THDP models, offer high levels of accuracy and efficiency, resulting in uniform tablets that meet strict quality control standards.

Capsule filling machines are another critical aspect of pharmaceutical machinery, enabling the automated filling and sealing of capsules with pharmaceutical powders or granules. These machines not only increase production speed and consistency but also reduce the risk of contamination and human error during the encapsulation process. By integrating advanced technologies such as electronic sensors and automated controls, capsule filling machines ensure the precise filling of capsules to meet precise dosage requirements.

The benefits of advanced pharmaceutical machinery extend beyond efficient production processes. Improved product quality, enhanced safety features, and streamlined regulatory compliance are among the key advantages offered by these high-tech machines. By investing in state-of-the-art pharmaceutical machinery, companies can increase their manufacturing capabilities, reduce production costs, and deliver high-quality pharmaceutical products to consumers worldwide.

Despite the significant advancements in pharmaceutical machinery, challenges such as equipment maintenance, operator training, and compliance with evolving regulations continue to shape the industry. To stay ahead of these challenges, pharmaceutical companies are increasingly turning to innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence and robotics to further optimize manufacturing processes and improve overall efficiency.

In conclusion, the integration of advanced pharmaceutical machinery, including tablet press machines and capsule filling machines, has revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry by driving innovation, increasing efficiency, and ensuring the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products. As technology continues to advance, the future of pharmaceutical machinery holds promising possibilities for further enhancing drug manufacturing processes and ultimately benefiting patients globally.

“The Evolution of Pharmaceutical Machinery: Innovations and Impact on Healthcare”

Title: The Evolution of Pharmaceutical Machinery: Innovations and Impact on Healthcare

In the fast-paced world of pharmaceuticals, the evolution of machinery plays a crucial role in the production of safe and effective medications. Over the years, advancements in technology have revolutionized the way drugs are manufactured, leading to more efficient processes and improved outcomes for patients. Two key machines that have significantly impacted the pharmaceutical industry are the table press machine and the capsule filling machine.

The table press machine, also known as a tablet press, is a vital piece of equipment used in the production of tablets. It works by compressing powdered ingredients into solid tablets of uniform size and weight. This machine has undergone significant improvements over time, from manual operation to automated systems that can produce thousands of tablets per hour. The introduction of tools such as the TDP (Tablet Press) and THDP (Tablet Hardness Testing) have further enhanced the precision and quality control of tablet production.

On the other hand, the capsule filling machine is essential for encapsulating powdered or liquid medication into capsules. These machines have evolved from manual capsule fillers to high-speed automatic systems that can fill hundreds of capsules per minute. The development of advanced technologies, such as precision dosing mechanisms and automatic sorting functions, have made capsule filling machines more efficient and reliable.

The impact of these innovations in pharmaceutical machinery goes beyond just improving production processes. The use of advanced machinery has led to better quality control, increased production capacity, and reduced manufacturing costs. This, in turn, has allowed pharmaceutical companies to bring new medications to market faster and at a lower cost, benefiting patients around the world.

In conclusion, the evolution of pharmaceutical machinery, including table press machines and capsule filling machines, has had a profound impact on the healthcare industry. These technological advancements have not only improved the efficiency and quality of drug manufacturing but have also contributed to better patient outcomes. As technology continues to advance, we can expect further innovations in pharmaceutical machinery that will shape the future of healthcare.

“Revolutionizing the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Impact of Pharmaceutical Machinery”

Title: Revolutionizing the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Impact of Pharmaceutical Machinery

Pharmaceutical machinery has played a crucial role in revolutionizing the pharmaceutical industry. Among the key players in this revolution are table press machines, capsule filling machines, and the innovative technologies like TDP and THDP. These advancements have not only enhanced efficiency in drug manufacturing but have also improved the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products.

Table press machines have become essential in the production of pharmaceutical tablets. These machines are designed to compress powdered ingredients into solid tablets of precise shape and size. With the advancement of technology, modern table press machines are equipped with features that allow for customization of tablet shapes and incorporate quality control measures to ensure uniformity in production.

On the other hand, capsule filling machines have simplified the process of encapsulating powdered or liquid ingredients. These machines are capable of filling a large number of capsules accurately and efficiently, reducing human error and increasing production speed. The use of capsule filling machines ensures that the dosage in each capsule is consistent, leading to better efficacy and safety of pharmaceutical products.

The introduction of technologies like TDP (Tablet Press) and THDP (Tablet Hardness Testing) has further optimized the manufacturing process in the pharmaceutical industry. TDP technology enables precise control over the tablet compression process, ensuring uniformity in tablet weight and hardness. On the other hand, THDP technology allows manufacturers to test the hardness of tablets, ensuring that they meet the required standards for dissolution and absorption in the body.

The impact of pharmaceutical machinery on the industry is profound. The efficiency and precision offered by table press machines, capsule filling machines, and advanced technologies like TDP and THDP have not only increased the speed of drug production but have also raised the standards of quality control in pharmaceutical manufacturing. As a result, pharmaceutical companies can deliver safer and more effective products to meet the healthcare needs of the population.

In conclusion, the evolution of pharmaceutical machinery, including table press machines, capsule filling machines, and cutting-edge technologies like TDP and THDP, has significantly transformed the pharmaceutical industry. These advancements have not only improved production efficiency but have also elevated the quality and safety standards of pharmaceutical products, ultimately benefiting both manufacturers and consumers.

“The Role of Pharmaceutical Machinery in Modern Drug Manufacturing”

Title: The Role of Pharmaceutical Machinery in Modern Drug Manufacturing

Pharmaceutical machinery plays a crucial role in the modern drug manufacturing process, ensuring efficiency, accuracy, and safety in the production of medications. Two key machines that are essential in this process are the table press machine and the capsule filling machine.

Tablet press machines, often referred to as pill presses, are used in the pharmaceutical industry to compress powder formulations into tablets or pills. These machines come in various types and models, such as TDP (Tablet Press Direct Compression) and THDP (Tablet Press High Speed Rotary). TDP machines are commonly used for small-scale production and research purposes, while THDP machines are designed for larger-scale commercial manufacturing.

The tablet press machine operates by feeding the powder blend into the die cavity and then compressing it with the upper and lower punches to form a tablet. The machine’s speed, pressure, and other parameters can be adjusted to meet the specific requirements of the drug formulation being produced.

On the other hand, capsule filling machines are used to fill empty gelatin or HPMC capsules with powdered or granular materials. These machines consist of different stations that perform various functions, such as capsule separation, cap placement, filling, and capsule sealing. The filling process is precise and controlled to ensure accurate dosing of the medication.

Both table press and capsule filling machines play a critical role in drug manufacturing by providing a fast and efficient way to produce large quantities of tablets and capsules. These machines are designed to meet strict regulatory standards and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines to ensure the quality and consistency of the final product.

In conclusion, pharmaceutical machinery, including table press and capsule filling machines, are essential tools in modern drug manufacturing. These machines help pharmaceutical companies streamline their production processes, increase efficiency, and maintain high standards of quality and safety in medication production. The continuous advancements in technology and innovation in pharmaceutical machinery will further enhance the capabilities and performance of these machines, leading to improved drug manufacturing practices and better healthcare outcomes for patients worldwide.

Title: “Revolutionizing the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Role of Pharma Machinery” Outline: 1. Introduction – Brief explanation of the importance of pharmaceutical machinery in the pharmaceutical industry. 2. The Evolution of Pharma Machinery – Discuss the historical development of pharmaceutical machinery and its impact on drug manufacturing. 3. Types of Pharma Machinery – Explanation of various types of pharmaceutical machinery such as tablet presses, filling machines, and blister packaging machines. 4. Advancements in Pharma Machinery – Highlight recent technological advancements in pharmaceutical machinery, such as automation and smart technologies. 5. Impact on Drug Quality and Efficiency – Discuss how modern pharmaceutical machinery enhances drug quality, consistency, and production efficiency. 6. Regulatory Compliance and Safety – Emphasize the importance of pharmaceutical machinery in meeting strict regulatory standards and ensuring product safety. 7. Future Trends in Pharma Machinery – Predict the future direction of pharmaceutical machinery, including the potential for personalized medicine and sustainability initiatives. 8. Conclusion – Summarize the key points discussed and emphasize the crucial role of pharmaceutical machinery in the pharmaceutical industry.

Title: “Revolutionizing the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Role of Pharma Machinery”

Pharmaceutical machinery plays a pivotal role in the drug manufacturing process, driving innovation and efficiency in the pharmaceutical industry. The evolution of pharma machinery has transformed the way medicines are produced, ensuring consistency, quality, and regulatory compliance. This article explores the significance of pharmaceutical machinery, focusing on key equipment such as tablet press machines, capsule filling machines, and the latest advancements in technology like TDP and THDP.

The history of pharmaceutical machinery dates back to the 19th century when the first tablet press machines were introduced. These machines revolutionized drug manufacturing by compacting powdered ingredients into tablets of precise size and shape. Over the years, tablet press machines have evolved significantly, incorporating advanced features such as automation and digital controls to enhance production efficiency.

In parallel, capsule filling machines have played a crucial role in pharmaceutical manufacturing, offering a convenient and efficient alternative to tablet pressing. These machines utilize the encapsulation process to fill empty capsules with powdered or liquid medication, providing precise dosing and faster production rates. With the advent of modern technologies like TDP (Tablet Deduster Machine) and THDP (Tablet Hardness Tester), pharmaceutical companies can now ensure consistent tablet quality and compliance with regulatory standards.

Advancements in pharmaceutical machinery have not only improved the efficiency of drug manufacturing but also enhanced drug quality and safety. Tablet press machines with built-in quality control features can detect and reject defective tablets, ensuring only high-quality products reach the market. Similarly, capsule filling machines equipped with precision dosing systems minimize the risk of dosage errors, safeguarding patient health and well-being.

Furthermore, pharmaceutical machinery plays a vital role in regulatory compliance, helping manufacturers meet stringent quality standards and safety requirements. By investing in state-of-the-art equipment and adhering to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), pharmaceutical companies can ensure product consistency and traceability throughout the production process.

Looking ahead, the future of pharmaceutical machinery holds exciting possibilities, with a focus on personalized medicine and sustainability initiatives. Advanced technologies such as 3D printing and continuous manufacturing are reshaping the pharmaceutical landscape, offering new possibilities for customized drug delivery systems and eco-friendly production processes.

In conclusion, pharmaceutical machinery is a driving force behind the innovation and efficiency of the pharmaceutical industry. With the continued evolution of equipment such as tablet press machines, capsule filling machines, TDP, and THDP, pharmaceutical companies can elevate their production standards, improve drug quality, and meet the ever-changing demands of the global market.

“The Evolution of Pharmaceutical Machinery: Advancements in Drug Manufacturing Technology”

Title: “The Evolution of Pharmaceutical Machinery: Advancements in Drug Manufacturing Technology”

Pharmaceutical machinery has come a long way in revolutionizing the drug manufacturing industry. From the early days of manual labor to the sophisticated automation of today, the evolution of machinery such as tablet press machines, capsule filling machines, TDP (Tablet Deduster Machine), and THDP (Tablet Hardness Tester) has significantly improved efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in pharmaceutical production.

The introduction of the tablet press machine marked a significant turning point in drug manufacturing. Initially, tablets were made by hand, a labor-intensive and time-consuming process. With the invention of the tablet press machine, manufacturers could produce tablets in large quantities with consistent quality. These machines use compression force to compact powdered ingredients into solid tablets of uniform shape and size. Over time, advancements in technology have led to the development of high-speed tablet press machines capable of producing thousands of tablets per hour with precise control over weight and hardness.

Similarly, capsule filling machines have played a crucial role in streamlining the production of capsule medications. These machines automate the process of filling empty gelatin capsules with powdered or granulated ingredients, eliminating the need for manual labor and ensuring accurate dosing. Modern capsule filling machines can fill hundreds of capsules per minute, increasing production efficiency and reducing the risk of human error.

To ensure the quality of tablet production, pharmaceutical manufacturers utilize TDP machines to remove excess powder and debris from the surface of tablets. The Tablet Deduster Machine (TDP) removes dust and other contaminants, ensuring that the tablets meet quality standards and are safe for consumption. Additionally, THDP machines are used to test the hardness of tablets, ensuring that they are durable enough to withstand handling and transportation without breaking or crumbling.

In conclusion, the evolution of pharmaceutical machinery, including tablet press machines, capsule filling machines, TDP, and THDP, has transformed the drug manufacturing process. These advancements have improved efficiency, accuracy, and consistency in pharmaceutical production, ultimately benefiting both manufacturers and consumers. As technology continues to evolve, we can expect further innovations in pharmaceutical machinery that will further enhance the quality and safety of medications worldwide.

“Revolutionizing the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Role of Pharmaceutical Machinery”

Title: Revolutionizing the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Role of Pharmaceutical Machinery

The pharmaceutical industry has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, thanks to the groundbreaking innovations in pharmaceutical machinery. One of the key players in this transformation is the table press machine, which plays a crucial role in the manufacturing of various pharmaceutical products.

Table press machines, such as the TDP and THDP models, are used for compressing powdered ingredients into solid tablets of precise sizes and shapes. These machines have revolutionized the process of tablet formulation by providing high efficiency and consistency in tablet production. The ability to control the compression force, dwell time, and tablet thickness allows pharmaceutical companies to meet rigorous quality standards and ensure the effectiveness of their products.

Another essential piece of pharmaceutical machinery is the capsule filling machine. This machine automates the process of filling empty capsule shells with powdered or granulated materials, offering pharmaceutical companies a fast and accurate way to produce capsule formulations. With the capacity to fill hundreds of capsules per minute, capsule filling machines are instrumental in increasing production efficiency and lowering manufacturing costs.

The TDP (Tablet Press) and THDP (Tablet Press with High Pressure) machines are among the most advanced table press machines available in the market. The TDP machine is commonly used for small-scale tablet production, offering versatility and ease of operation. On the other hand, the THDP machine is designed for high-pressure tablet compression, making it ideal for the production of tablets with complex formulations or for materials that require higher compression force.

Pharmaceutical machinery, including table press and capsule filling machines, has transformed the way pharmaceutical products are manufactured. These advanced machines have enabled pharmaceutical companies to streamline their production processes, improve product quality, and meet the growing demand for innovative medications. As technology continues to evolve, we can expect further advancements in pharmaceutical machinery that will shape the future of the pharmaceutical industry.

In conclusion, the role of pharmaceutical machinery, particularly table press machines and capsule filling machines, cannot be overstated in revolutionizing the pharmaceutical industry. These machines have set new standards for efficiency, precision, and quality in pharmaceutical manufacturing, paving the way for a new era of innovation and advancement in the field of medicine. As pharmaceutical companies continue to invest in cutting-edge machinery, we can anticipate a future where the production of life-saving medications is faster, more cost-effective, and more reliable than ever before.